Mouse Anti-Human CD43 Antibody (S-4602)

CD43, also known as leukosialin or sialophorin and encoded by the SPN gene, is a highly glycosylated type I transmembrane sialoglycoprotein predominantly expressed on the surface of most hematopoietic cells, including T lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, granulocytes, and platelets, but notably absent on normal resting B cells. Structurally characterized by an extended extracellular domain rich in serine, threonine, and proline residues that are heavily O-glycosylated, CD43 functions primarily as an anti-adhesive molecule due to its large size and negative charge, which creates a steric and electrostatic barrier that prevents non-specific cell-cell interactions and facilitates cell motility during immune surveillance and inflammation. Beyond its physical role in modulating cell adhesion, CD43 acts as a critical signal transduction molecule; upon ligation or cross-linking, it triggers intracellular signaling cascades involving tyrosine kinases such as Lck and Fyn, thereby influencing T-cell activation, proliferation, apoptosis, and cytoskeletal reorganization. Clinically, CD43 serves as an important diagnostic marker in hematopathology, particularly for distinguishing certain T-cell neoplasms and myeloid disorders from B-cell malignancies, while its aberrant expression patterns have also been implicated in various pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases and cancer metastasis, highlighting its multifaceted role in both physiological immune regulation and disease pathogenesis.