Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-3597)

Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) refers to the phosphorylation of the p65 subunit (RelA) of the NF-κB transcription factor complex at serine residue 536, a key post-translational modification that significantly enhances its transcriptional activity. This phosphorylation is primarily mediated by IκB kinases (IKKα and IKKβ) as well as other kinases such as TBK1 and RSK in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli like TNF-α, IL-1, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Phosphorylation at Ser536 promotes the nuclear translocation of p65, facilitates its interaction with co-activators such as CBP/p300, and increases its binding affinity to specific DNA κB sites, thereby amplifying the expression of target genes involved in inflammation, immune responses, cell survival, and proliferation. Due to its central role in activating the canonical NF-κB pathway, Phospho-p65 (Ser536) is widely utilized as a critical biomarker for monitoring inflammatory signaling activation in various physiological and pathological contexts, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and chronic inflammation.