p47phox Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

p47phox, also known as neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1), is a critical 47-kDa cytosolic regulatory subunit of the NADPH oxidase enzyme complex (NOX2) that plays an indispensable role in the innate immune system's ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for microbial killing. Under resting conditions, p47phox resides in the cytoplasm in an autoinhibited state where its C-terminal SH3 domains interact with its own N-terminal region, but upon cellular stimulation by pathogens or inflammatory signals, it undergoes extensive phosphorylation on multiple serine residues within its unique "bisector" region; this conformational change exposes its SH3 domains, allowing p47phox to translocate to the plasma membrane and act as a molecular organizer or "adapter" that bridges the membrane-bound catalytic core (composed of gp91phox and p22phox) with the remaining cytosolic subunits (p67phox and p40phox) and the small GTPase Rac, thereby assembling the active oxidase complex responsible for the respiratory burst essential for host defense, with genetic deficiencies in p47phox leading to a specific variant of Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) characterized by severe recurrent bacterial and fungal infections due to the failure of phagocytes to produce superoxide.