ROS1 Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-2048-279)

The ROS1 (c-ros oncogene 1) protein is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) belonging to the insulin receptor superfamily, encoded by a gene located on human chromosome 6q22.1. Structurally, ROS1 consists of an extracellular ligand-binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. It plays a role in cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival during embryonic development but has limited expression in adult tissues. When the ROS1 gene undergoes rearrangements (e.g., fusions with partners like CD74 or SLC34A2), its kinase domain becomes constitutively activated, triggering oncogenic signaling pathways (e.g., MAPK, PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT) that promote tumorigenesis. ROS1 fusions are found in cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, 1-2% of cases) and glioblastoma, making it a key therapeutic target. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g., crizotinib, entrectinib) are used to treat ROS1-driven tumors. Clinically, FISH, IHC, or NGS are employed to detect ROS1 rearrangements for precision medicine.