Rig-I/DDX58 Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-1419-114)

Rig-I (Retinoic acid-inducible gene I) is a crucial cytosolic pattern recognition receptor (PRR) in the innate immune system, belonging to the DExD/H-box RNA helicase family. It primarily detects viral RNA, such as short double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) with a 5'-triphosphate group (5'-ppp) or single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) with short stem-loop structures, thereby triggering antiviral immune responses. Structurally, Rig-I consists of two N-terminal tandem CARD domains (for signal transduction), a central DExD/H-box helicase domain (responsible for RNA binding and ATP hydrolysis), and a C-terminal regulatory domain (CTD, which specifically recognizes viral RNA). Upon binding viral RNA, Rig-I interacts with the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) via its CARD domains, activating the IRF3/7 and NF-κB pathways to induce the production of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This protein plays a central role in defending against RNA viruses (e.g., influenza virus, hepatitis C virus), and its dysfunction is closely associated with autoimmune diseases and increased susceptibility to viral infections.