CXADR Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-4349-1)

CXADR, also known as the Coxsackievirus and Adenovirus Receptor, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, with its encoding gene located on human chromosome 21. Structurally, the extracellular region of CXADR contains two immunoglobulin-like C2-type domains responsible for mediating homophilic cell adhesion and virus binding, while the intracellular region contains a PDZ-binding motif that can interact with various PDZ domain-containing proteins such as MUPP1 and LNX, thereby anchoring it to tight junctions and adherens junctions of epithelial cells, which is essential for maintaining epithelial barrier integrity. Functionally, CXADR plays a dual role: on one hand, it serves as the primary "portal" for group B coxsackieviruses and subgroup C adenoviruses to invade host cells, with its binding to viral capsid proteins being a critical step for infection; on the other hand, as a cell adhesion molecule, it mediates the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes across epithelial barriers through homophilic interactions as well as binding to the JAML molecule on leukocytes, and upon binding activates the PI3K and MAPK signaling pathways in γδT cells to promote the production of cytokines and growth factors associated with tissue repair. Furthermore, CXADR is highly expressed at intercalated discs in the heart and is indispensable for normal cardiac development and electrical conduction function; its loss of function can lead to severe issues such as conduction block. Notably, CXADR exhibits aberrant overexpression in various human tumors (such as small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, and glioblastoma) and can promote tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, therapeutic antibodies targeting CXADR, such as the chimeric antibody ch6G10A, have shown potential in inhibiting tumor growth through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) effects, positioning CXADR as an emerging and promising anti-tumor target.