Mouse Anti-Human CD158 Antibody (S-2918)

CD158 proteins, also known as Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIRs), are a family of transmembrane glycoproteins expressed primarily on natural killer (NK) cells and a subset of T cells. These proteins play a crucial role in regulating immune responses by recognizing MHC class I molecules on target cells. CD158 molecules can have either two (KIR2D) or three (KIR3D) Ig-like extracellular domains and are classified based on the length of their cytoplasmic domains—long (L) domains typically transmit inhibitory signals via ITIM motifs, while short (S) domains are associated with activation. The CD158 family includes various isoforms such as CD158a (KIR2DL1), CD158b1/b2 (KIR2DL2/3), CD158g (KIR2DS3), and CD158h (KIR2DS1), each with specific binding properties and functions. For example, CD158a recognizes HLA-C molecules and is involved in inhibiting NK cell cytotoxicity.