TREM2 Recombinant Rabbit mAb (SDT-1724-170-2)

The transmembrane TREM2 receptor undergoes ectodomain shedding, leading to release of soluble fragments, soluble TREM2 (sTREM2). In the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sTREM2 serves as a surrogate measure of microglial activity. The value of CSF or plasma sTREM2 as an AD diagnostic biomarker has been explored in several studies. Most studies show that CSF sTREM2 is increased in the AD continuum, but the results are somewhat inconsistent regarding disease stages. Some studies indicate sTREM2 to increase in the preclinical phase while others find highest sTREM2 levels in the MCI stage of AD, indicating TREM2-related microglia activation in the early clinical stages of the disease. Others report increased levels of sTREM2 in AD dementia, decreased levels of sTREM2 in AD dementia, or no differences along the AD continuum. Furthermore, preclinical and clinical studies indicate that sTREM2 may exert neuroprotective effects by mitigating Aβ and tau pathologies, potentially slowing cognitive decline and disease progression.